This paper focuses on the spoofing and anti-spoofing technology and protection of GNSS receiver. Firstly, the signal generation and spoofing implementation strategies are introduced, and several aspects such as spoofing threat implementation difficulty and protection difficulty are compared and analyzed. Secondly, an analysis of anti-spoofing technologies is discussed from three aspects: signal system, receiver signal processing technology and auxiliary information verification technology. A comparative analysis of anti-spoofing technologies is provided from the aspects of spoofing adaptability, implementation requirements, implementation difficulty, and effectiveness. Based on these, the anti-spoofing framework of GNSS receiver is proposed to deal with different spoofing attacks, which has significant reference for evaluating the spoofing procetion ability of GNSS receivers.