The amount of data produced by launch vehicle test shows an explosive growth, which is mainly characterized by complex data types, large data density and long time duration. The system architecture shortcomings of traditional stand-alone deployment based on relational database and file are gradually emerging. Different types of data stored together, low efficiency of writing and query, no backup of data, and single point of failure could not meet the needs of storage and computing business in the context of massive launch vehicle test data field. Using the idea of big data technology and aiming at the need of launch vehicle test data storage and computing, a set of big data storage architecture for massive launch vehicle test data is proposed, and the storage model design method of each storage component is designed. The practical engineering application effect shows that the architecture has good reliability, scalability and maintainability. It is a practical big data storage architecture, which could meet the launch vehicle test data business needs of storage and calculation.