Quantum Cascade Laser (QCL) owns the characteristics of small volume, light weight, tuned wavelength, and the emission light can cover from infrared to terahertz, which makes it have the widespread applications in the trace gas sensing, directed infrared countermeasures, free space optical communications, as well as infrared imaging and spectroscopy fields. Since the first invented QCL in 1994, high power, high wall plug efficiency, and continuous-wave QCL at room temperature has always been the goal of people’s research. Firstly, this review introduces the recent progress in the designs of active region, waveguide, and heat dissipation. Secondly, the development and evolution of mid-wave infrared (4 μm~5 μm) and long-wave infrared (8 μm~12 μm) high power room temperature continuous-wave QCL, and high power pulsed QCL are mainly discussed. Finally, the epitaxy technology of high power QCL chip is briefly introduced.