High-frequency ground wave radar is widely used in the detection of sea targets, and sea clutter has stronger dynamic characteristics due to distributed scattering, and usually becomes the main interference component of sea target detection. Therefore, the key to target detection under the background of strong sea clutter is how to effectively suppress sea clutter. This article summarizes the sea clutter suppression technology from the aspects of cyclic cancellation, subspace decomposition, model prediction and fractal features to provide a reference for subsequent sea surface target detection.