In the paper, a method of onboard embedded software upgrade based on 1553B bus is proposed. In this method, the upgrade program is received by 1553B bus, the solidified program and the upgrade program are stored separately, and the Bootloader program and application program cooperation with each other to realize the software upgrade. When part of the transmission is abnormal, the patch is upgrade and the version is rolled backed when the upgrade is abnormal. The results show that the method can upgrade the software of the satellite storage device on orbit(on-line), and automatically back off the version by power on/off when the upgrade program is abnormal. When some errors occur, the patch is less. The maintenance efficiency and reliability of on-board embedded software are improved.