Maritime wireless communication has the characteristics of complex propagation environment, multi-path interference, signal attenuation and time delay. The traditional communication transmission system can not meet the requirements of stable and reliable communication between unmanned surface vehicles and shore. Aiming at the cooperative observation task of fast maneuvering network with unmanned surface vehicles as the core in air sea interface network observation, a channel aware random access protocol for unmanned surface vehicles Ad-hoc network is studied. The priority mechanism is adopted to meet the low delay transmission requirements of time sensitive services with large network load in the marine environment, and provide reliable and real-time guarantee for the transmission of observation information of unmanned surface vehicles Ad-hoc network. At the same time, the network communication terminal adopts the mechanism of "one send and multiple receive" to improve the success rate of data transmission and the throughput of network system. Finally, the network model is built based on OPNET simulation tool, and the performance of the designed random access protocol is simulated and analyzed from the aspects of access success rate, average end-to-end delay and system throughput.